custar: to cost
| to cost | custar | ||
| I cost | eu cust | o | |
| you/he/she cost(s) | você/ele/ela cust | a |
| to leave, let | deixar | ||
| I let | eu deix | o | |
| you/he/she let(s) | você/ele/ela deix | a |
Deixar is used in many common expressions, especially in conversation.
Deixa para lá! (Leave it alone.)
Me deixa! (Let me be!)
Me deixa sozinho! (Leave me alone!)
Me deixa em paz! (Leave me in peace!)
DESCER = to go down. It’s most commonly used in the context of going up & down the elevator and getting off (a bus, a car).
Eu vou descer aqui. (I'm going to get off here.)
SUBIR = to go up.
Ela pode subir. (She can come up.)
| to descend, go down | descer | ||
| I go down | eu desç | o | |
| you/he/she go(es) down | você/ele/ela desc | e |
| to discover | descobrir (irregular) | ||
| I discover | eu desc | ubro | |
| you/he/she discover(s) | você/ele/ela desc | obre |
When you bump someone in the street you say, desculpa! This is actually short for, me desculpa por favor. The verb is DESCULPAR – to excuse.
The word, CULPA comes from this verb and means, fault.
Não precisa se desculpar. You don't need to excuse yourself.
| to desist | desistir | ||
| I desist | eu desist | o | |
| you/he/she desist(s) | você/ele/ela desist | e |
DESISTIR is usually followed by a de. That’s because when you give up, you usually give up on/of something.
Você desistiu do apartamento? You gave up on the apartment?
Eu desisti da ideia. I gave up on the idea.
Não desista! Don't give up.
| to turn off | desligar | ||
| I turn off | eu deslig | o | |
| you/he/she turn(s) off | você/ele/ela deslig | a |
You can combine dever with any verb in the infinitive to express should/must. Like this:
Eu devo trabalhar hoje. I should work today.
Você deve ir. You should go.
Ela deve saber. She must know.
Ela deve ser apaixonada. She must be in love.
| must | dever | ||
| I must | eu dev | o | |
| you/he/she must | você/ele/ela dev | e |
DEVER usually gets combined with another verb immediately following it to form powerful expressions.
dever + ser Ela deve sera apaixonada. She must be in love.
dever + ir Você deve ir. You should go.
dever + ter Deve ter sido amor. Must have been love.
dever + voltar Você deve voltar logo. You should return soon.
deveria Eu deveria ter ficado. I ought to have stayed.
deveria + ter = ought to have / should have
Eu deveria ter ficado. (I should have stayed.)
Ela deveria ter sabido. (She should have apologized.)
| to give back | devolver | ||
| I give back | eu devolv | o | |
| you/he/she give(s) back | você/ele/ela devolv | e |
| to share | dividir | ||
| I share | eu divid | o | |
| you/he/she share(s) | você/ele/ela divid | e |
| to sleep | dormir (irregular) | ||
| I sleep | eu d | urmo | |
| you/he/she sleep(s) | você/ele/ela d | orme |
| to understand | entender | ||
| I understand | eu entend | o | |
| you/he/she understand(s) | você/ele/ela entend | e |
| to clarify | esclarecer | ||
| I clarify | eu esclare | ço | |
| you/he/she cheers(s) | você/ele/ela esclarec | e |
| to forget | esquecer | ||
| I forget | eu esqueç | o | |
| you/he/she forget(s) | você/ele/ela esquec | e |
ESQUECER is usually followed by a de. That’s because when you forget, you usually forget about/of something.
Esqueceu de mim? You forgot about me?
Esqueci desse restaurante. I forgot about this restaurant.
Ela esqueceu como dançar. She forgot how to dance.